{"id":3443,"date":"2015-06-25T10:38:12","date_gmt":"2015-06-25T08:38:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/?p=3443"},"modified":"2015-07-24T12:37:30","modified_gmt":"2015-07-24T10:37:30","slug":"o-scurta-istorie-a-medicinei-de-familie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/?p=3443","title":{"rendered":"O scurt\u0103 istorie a medicinei de familie"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/new\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/medicinafamilie.jpg\"><img class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-3432\" src=\"http:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/new\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/medicinafamilie.jpg\" alt=\"medicinafamilie\" width=\"392\" height=\"250\" \/><\/a>De\u0219i reprezint\u0103 una dintre cele mai vechi specialit\u0103\u021bi medicale, medicina de familie \u00eencepe cu adev\u0103rat s\u0103 aib\u0103 referiri \u00een zona \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103m\u00e2ntului \u0219i cercet\u0103rii mai ales \u00eencep\u00e2nd cu anii \u201980.<\/p>\n<p>Dezvoltarea medicinei de familie sau a medicinei generale este mult mai vizibil\u0103 \u00een Europa dec\u00e2t \u00een SUA.<\/p>\n<p>European Academy of Teachers in General Practice (EURAST) va fi creat\u0103 \u00een anul 1974. EURAST va fi \u0219i cea care va defini pentru prima dat\u0103 atribu\u021biile medicului de familie.<\/p>\n<p>Totodat\u0103, \u00een anul 1991, Organiza\u021bia Mondial\u0103 a S\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii a elaborat \u0219i prima sa defini\u021bie &#8211; <em>medicina de familie este specialitatea ce asigur\u0103 asisten\u021ba medical\u0103 primar\u0103 \u0219i continu\u0103, care prin ac\u021biuni terapeutice, profilactice, educa\u021bionale \u0219i de recuperare contribuie la promovarea st\u0103rii de s\u0103n\u0103tate a individului, a familiei \u0219i colectivit\u0103\u021bii<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>O alt\u0103 defini\u021bie elaborat\u0103 de Societatea European\u0103 de Medicin\u0103 de Familie (Wonca Europe) indic\u0103 faptul c\u0103 <em>medicina de familie este o disciplin\u0103 academic\u0103 \u0219i \u0219tiin\u021bific\u0103 ce are un con\u021binut propriu educa\u021bional, de cercetare, de medicin\u0103 bazat\u0103 pe dovezi \u0219i de activitate clinic\u0103, precum \u0219i o specialitate clinic\u0103 orientate spre asisten\u021ba primar\u0103<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>Dac\u0103 ne uit\u0103m la toate aceste defini\u021bii \u0219i ne g\u00e2ndim la rolul pe care-l are medicul de medicin\u0103 general\u0103 \u00eentr-un sistem de s\u0103n\u0103tate, realiz\u0103m c\u0103 medicii de familie reprezint\u0103 funda\u021bia unui sistem de \u00eengrijiri complet.<\/p>\n<p>Medicii de familie (numi\u021bi \u00een anumite \u021b\u0103ri din Europa medici de medicin\u0103 general\u0103) sunt singurii medici generali\u0219ti preg\u0103ti\u021bi s\u0103 \u00eengrijeasc\u0103 pacien\u021bi de toate v\u00e2rstele. Ei sunt solu\u021bia ideal\u0103 pentru orice sistem de s\u0103n\u0103tate eficient. \u0218i aceasta pentru c\u0103 medicii de familie pot oferi asisten\u021b\u0103 medical\u0103 integrat\u0103 (aspecte profilactice \u0219i curative) pacien\u021bilor de toate v\u00e2rstele, la costuri sc\u0103zute.<\/p>\n<p>Se consider\u0103 c\u0103 diferen\u021ba dintre medicul generalist \u0219i medicul specialist este aceea c\u0103 \u201emedicul generalist \u00eengrije\u0219te aceia\u0219i pacien\u021bi, dar cu diferite boli, \u00een timp ce al\u021bi speciali\u0219ti \u00eengrijesc acelea\u0219i boli, dar pacien\u021bi diferi\u021bi\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cen multe situa\u021bii, medicii de familie lucreaz\u0103 \u00een grupuri de practic\u0103, cu o echip\u0103 de asisten\u021bi, fizioterapeu\u021bi, terapi\u0219ti ocupa\u021bionali etc, av\u00e2nd unele echipamente medicale disponibile pentru a efectua examin\u0103ri medicale de baz\u0103 \u0219i tratament pentru pacien\u021bi. Medicul perioadei actuale, dar \u0219i cel al viitorului, va munci din ce \u00een ce mai mult \u00een echipe multi-disciplinare.<\/p>\n<p>Cum \u00een multe sisteme de s\u0103n\u0103tate structura \u00eengrijirilor de s\u0103n\u0103tate a fost schimbat\u0103, iar num\u0103rul paturilor de spital a fost redus, pacien\u021bii trebuie \u00eengriji\u021bi \u00een sistemul de asisten\u021b\u0103 primar\u0103. \u00cen plus, exist\u0103 noi metode de tratament care scurteaz\u0103 durata de spitalizare, de unde necesitatea ca pacien\u021bii s\u0103 fie trata\u021bi \u00een afara spitalului. Mai mult, dac\u0103 \u00een urm\u0103 cu 10-20 de ani pacien\u021bii \u00een faz\u0103 terminal\u0103 erau \u00eengriji\u021bi \u00een spital, acum, din ce \u00een ce mai mult, \u00eengrijirile paliative au devenit responsabilitatea medicului de familie.<\/p>\n<p>Toate acestea au f\u0103cut ca asisten\u021ba primar\u0103 \u0219i medicii generali\u0219ti s\u0103 se ocupe de \u00eengrijirea unor pacien\u021bi cu probleme medicale din ce \u00een ce mai complexe. O cre\u0219tere numeric\u0103 a populatiei v\u00e2rstnice, locuind \u00een propriile locuin\u021be, de asemenea solicit\u0103 mai mult timp \u0219i ajutor din partea medicilor de familie. Iar presiunea asupra asisten\u021bei medicale primare va fi din ce \u00een ce mai mare, odat\u0103 cu \u00eemb\u0103tr\u00e2nirea popula\u021biei europene.<\/p>\n<p>Iat\u0103 doar c\u00e2teva argumente care sus\u021bin nevoia \u00eent\u0103ririi medicinei primare. Iar acest lucru va \u00eensemna un sistem de asisten\u021b\u0103 medical\u0103 primar\u0103 \u00een care medicul de familie \u0219i echipa sa medical\u0103 ofer\u0103 \u00eengrijiri centrate pe pacient, au capacitatea de rela\u021bionare \u0219i abordare comprehensive \u0219i dau dovad\u0103 de profesionalism.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Surse:<\/p>\n<p>http:\/\/www.medfam.ro\/mf\/mf\/mf14\/mgw.html<\/p>\n<p>http:\/\/www.medclub.org.md\/load\/155-downloads\/medicina-de-familie\/448-medicina-de-familie-suport-de-curs-usmf<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>De\u0219i reprezint\u0103 una dintre cele mai vechi specialit\u0103\u021bi medicale, medicina de familie \u00eencepe cu adev\u0103rat s\u0103 aib\u0103 referiri \u00een zona \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103m\u00e2ntului \u0219i cercet\u0103rii mai ales \u00eencep\u00e2nd cu anii \u201980. Dezvoltarea medicinei de familie sau a medicinei generale este mult mai vizibil\u0103 \u00een Europa dec\u00e2t \u00een SUA. European Academy of Teachers in General Practice (EURAST) va [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":3432,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[152,13],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3443"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3443"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3443\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/3432"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3443"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3443"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3443"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}