{"id":4020,"date":"2017-02-28T11:07:15","date_gmt":"2017-02-28T09:07:15","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/?p=4020"},"modified":"2017-04-05T11:34:30","modified_gmt":"2017-04-05T09:34:30","slug":"folosirea-microbiomului-uman-pentru-prevenirea-diagnosticarea-si-tratarea-bolilor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/?p=4020","title":{"rendered":"Folosirea microbiomului uman pentru prevenirea, diagnosticarea \u0219i tratarea bolilor"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/new\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/microbiom.jpg\"><img class=\"alignleft wp-image-4001\" src=\"http:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/new\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/microbiom.jpg\" alt=\"microbiom\" width=\"400\" height=\"214\" \/><\/a>Microbii din corpul nostru \u0219i elementele chimice pe care le emit au un rol cheie \u00een modul \u00een care sunt digerate alimentele, \u00een modul \u00een care substan\u021bele din medicamente sunt r\u0103sp\u00e2ndite \u00een organism \u0219i chiar \u0219i \u00een modul \u00een care evolueaz\u0103 o anumit\u0103 boal\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>Companiile din domeniul bio-tehnologiei \u00ee\u0219i \u00eendreapt\u0103 din ce \u00een ce mai mult aten\u021bia c\u0103tre poten\u021bialul pe care \u00eel are microbiomul uman \u00een dezvoltarea unor noi metode de diagnostic, a unor noi terapii \u0219i a unor produse \u201cprobiotice\u201d care \u021bintesc dezechilibre microbiene periculoase.<\/p>\n<p>Progresele \u0219tiin\u021bifice \u0219i tehnologice \u00eenregistrate \u00een ultimii ani \u00een genetic\u0103 au dus la apari\u021bia unui nou domeniu, numit meta-genomic\u0103, care se ocup\u0103 de examinarea holistic\u0103 a comunit\u0103\u021bilor microbiale f\u0103r\u0103 a mai fi nevoie de cultivarea acestora \u00een laborator. \u00cen cadrul proiectului interna\u021bional \u201cMicrobiomul Uman\u201d lansat \u00een 2008 de Institutul Na\u021bional de S\u0103n\u0103tate din SUA cu misiunea de a genera o \u00een\u021belegere cuprinz\u0103toare a microbiomului uman \u0219i de a analiza rolul lui \u00een s\u0103n\u0103tatea uman\u0103 \u0219i apari\u021bia bolii, aceast\u0103 abordare meta-genomic\u0103 este complementat\u0103 de analiza genetic\u0103 a unor secven\u021be de AND izolate \u00een laborator, ceea ce a furnizat informa\u021bii f\u0103r\u0103 precedent despre complexitatea \u0219i importan\u021ba comunit\u0103\u021bilor de microbi umani. Aceste informa\u021bii fundamentale au permis, mai apoi, apari\u021bia unor cercet\u0103ri \u021bintite pe anumite domenii.<\/p>\n<p>De exemplu, una dintre ini\u021biativele de cercetare desf\u0103\u0219urat\u0103 sub umbrela \u0219i cu finan\u021barea proiectului \u201cMicrobiomul Uman\u201d este \u201cAnaliza microbiomului vaginal din timpul gravidit\u0103\u021bii\u201d, condus de Gregory Buck, Jerry Strauss \u0219i Kimberly Ferguson de la Virginia Commonwealth University. La nivel mondial, na\u0219terile premature sunt cauza principal\u0103 de morbiditate \u0219i mortalitate printre nou-n\u0103scu\u021bi. \u00cen ciuda \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birii ratelor de supravie\u021buire, \u00een ultimele decenii nu s-au \u00eenregistrat progrese importante \u00een sc\u0103derea ratei de na\u0219teri premature.<\/p>\n<p>Echipa de cercet\u0103tori dore\u0219te ca studiul longitudinal, care va implica un grup extins de subiec\u021bi (circa 2000) din grupuri etnice \u0219i rasiale diferite, at\u00e2t femei adulte c\u00e2t \u0219i adolescente din grupa de v\u00e2rst\u0103 15-17 ani, s\u0103 ajung\u0103 la o \u00een\u021belegere a rolului pe care \u00eel joac\u0103 milioanele de bacterii \u0219i al\u021bi microbi care colonizeaz\u0103 tractul uro-genital feminin \u00een s\u0103n\u0103tatea pre-natal\u0103 \u0219i na\u0219terea unui copil s\u0103n\u0103tos. \u021ainta final\u0103 este de a folosi rezultatele cercet\u0103rii pentru g\u0103sirea de metode de a sc\u0103dea nivelul na\u0219terilor premature \u0219i a altor probleme din timpul gravidit\u0103\u021bii \u0219i na\u0219terii.<\/p>\n<p>O alt\u0103 cercetare important\u0103 finan\u021bat\u0103 \u00een cadrul acestui proiect este \u201cDezvoltarea profilului microbial al indivizilor s\u0103n\u0103to\u0219i \u0219i a celor bolnavi\u201d, desf\u0103\u0219urat\u0103 de o echip\u0103 condus\u0103 de Michael Snyder (Stanford University) \u0219i George Weinstock (Washington University) pentru \u00een\u021belegerea rela\u021biei complexe dintre oameni \u0219i microbiomul lor \u0219i a schimb\u0103rilor acestuia \u00een timpul apari\u021biei bolilor. Subiec\u021bii studiului vor fi 40-50 de pacien\u021bi pre-diabetici, urm\u0103rindu-se, \u00een principal, evaluarea declan\u0219atorilor imunologici ai diabetului. Echipa de cercetare va testa ipoteza c\u0103 r\u0103celile sau gripele comune, precum \u0219i al\u021bi factori de stres precum traumele sau antibioticele, pot induce apari\u021bia diabetului de tip 2 \u00een cazul pacien\u021bilor pre-diabetici.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>Articol realizat de Mirela Musta\u021b\u0103, Redactor E-Asistent, Specialist \u00een comunicare \u0219i rela\u021bii publice, PhD.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Surse de documentare:<\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/commonfund.nih.gov\/hmp\/overview\">https:\/\/commonfund.nih.gov\/hmp\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/consultqd.clevelandclinic.org\/2016\/10\/top-10-medical-innovations-2017-revealed\/\">https:\/\/consultqd.clevelandclinic.org\/2016\/10\/top-10-medical-innovations-2017-revealed\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/commonfund.nih.gov\/hmp\/overview\">https:\/\/commonfund.nih.gov\/hmp\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Microbii din corpul nostru \u0219i elementele chimice pe care le emit au un rol cheie \u00een modul \u00een care sunt digerate alimentele, \u00een modul \u00een care substan\u021bele din medicamente sunt r\u0103sp\u00e2ndite \u00een organism \u0219i chiar \u0219i \u00een modul \u00een care evolueaz\u0103 o anumit\u0103 boal\u0103. Companiile din domeniul bio-tehnologiei \u00ee\u0219i \u00eendreapt\u0103 din ce \u00een ce mai [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":4001,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[152,14],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4020"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4020"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4020\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/4001"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4020"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4020"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4020"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}