{"id":7357,"date":"2021-12-22T15:26:52","date_gmt":"2021-12-22T13:26:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/?p=7357"},"modified":"2022-01-25T11:03:16","modified_gmt":"2022-01-25T09:03:16","slug":"ziua-internationala-a-persoanelor-cu-dizabilitati-3-decembrie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/?p=7357","title":{"rendered":"Ziua Interna\u021bional\u0103 a Persoanelor cu Dizabilit\u0103\u021bi (3 decembrie)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/new\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/dizabilitati.png\"><img src=\"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/new\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/dizabilitati.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7336\" width=\"900\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/new\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/dizabilitati.png 846w, https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/new\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/dizabilitati-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/new\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/dizabilitati-768x432.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 846px) 100vw, 846px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Ast\u0103zi, popula\u021bia lumii num\u0103r\u0103 peste 7 miliarde de oameni. Dintre ace\u0219tia, aproximativ 15% (1 miliard) tr\u0103iesc cu o form\u0103 de dizabilitate.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Persoanele cu dizabilit\u0103\u021bi pot fi afectate de deficien\u021be vizuale (sau de percep\u021bie), afec\u021biuni auditive, deficien\u021be de vorbire articulat\u0103, dizabilit\u0103\u021bi de \u00eenv\u0103\u021bare ori deficien\u021be locomotorii (de mobilitate).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Deficien\u021bele locomotorii, de exemplu, pot fi cauzate de afec\u021biuni care pot fi temporare sau permanente, care pot afecta anumite p\u0103r\u021bi ale corpului sau tot corpul. O serie de afec\u021biuni sunt asociate dificult\u0103\u021bilor de mobilitate. Printre ele se num\u0103r\u0103 distrofia muscular\u0103, paralizia cerebral\u0103, paralizia, hemiplegia, paraplegia, tetraplegia, poliomielita, scleroza multipl\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dac\u0103 e s\u0103 ne referim doar la scleroza multipl\u0103, aceasta este o tulburare a sistemului nervos care atac\u0103 creierul \u015fi m\u0103duva spin\u0103rii \u0219i provoac\u0103 deteriorarea \u0163esutului nervos. Acest lucru este, de obicei, asociat cu paralizie, spasme musculare, tulbur\u0103ri de vorbire, tremurat sau frisoane ale m\u00e2inii. Practic, la o persoan\u0103 cu scleroz\u0103 multipl\u0103, o problem\u0103 a sistemului imunitar \u00eel face s\u0103 atace \u021besutul s\u0103n\u0103tos, \u00een acest caz, mielina.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mielina este o substan\u021b\u0103 gras\u0103 care \u00eenconjoar\u0103 \u0219i izoleaz\u0103 fibrele nervoase. De asemenea, ea ajut\u0103 nervii s\u0103 transmit\u0103 semnale rapid. Dac\u0103 mielina este deteriorat\u0103 sau distrus\u0103, nervul pe care \u00eel izola s-ar putea s\u0103 nu mai primeasc\u0103 semnalele corect. Aceasta \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 semnalele care trec prin nerv pot fi \u00eentrerupte sau chiar nu pot fi transmise deloc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Exper\u021bii consider\u0103 c\u0103 problemele de mobilitate provocate de scleroza multipl\u0103 provin din deteriorarea mielinei din cerebel, acea parte a creierului care ajut\u0103 la coordonare \u0219i mi\u0219care. Aceste probleme de mobilitate pot implica: \u00eencordare muscular\u0103, rigiditate sau spasme, probleme cu echilibrul, amor\u021beal\u0103 sever\u0103 \u00een picioare, pierderea sim\u021bului pozi\u021biei, care implic\u0103 con\u0219tientizarea pozi\u021biei picioarelor atunci c\u00e2nd mergi, oboseal\u0103, sl\u0103biciune muscular\u0103, probleme cu vederea, probleme cognitive, mers instabil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>O serie de cercet\u0103ri din 2018 arat\u0103 c\u0103 50\u2060\u201380% dintre persoanele cu scleroz\u0103 multipl\u0103 au probleme de echilibru \u0219i de mers. Acestea vor prezenta o larg\u0103 varietate de modific\u0103ri ale mersului, cum ar fi: o vitez\u0103 mic\u0103 de mers, o gam\u0103 redus\u0103 de mi\u0219care a articula\u021biilor picioarelor, o lungime mai mic\u0103 a pasului, stabilitate redus\u0103, dificultate la ridicarea p\u0103r\u021bii din fa\u021b\u0103 a piciorului, care se nume\u0219te \u201ec\u0103derea piciorului\u201d. Problemele de mers pot cre\u0219te riscul de c\u0103dere.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Conform Societ\u0103\u021bii Americane de Scleroz\u0103 Multipl\u0103, terapia fizic\u0103 poate ajuta la ameliorarea multor probleme de mers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kineto-terapeutul poate recomanda exerci\u021bii vestibulare, care induc dezechilibru, pentru a ajuta o persoan\u0103 s\u0103 se adapteze. Aceste exerci\u021bii pot include: mi\u0219c\u0103ri ale capului sau ale ochilor sau mersul pe diferite tipuri de suprafe\u021be. De asemenea, el poate recomanda exerci\u021bii de stretching pentru a \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bi: flexibilitatea, puterea, echilibrul, coordonarea, relaxarea sau exerci\u021bii cardiovasculare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Unele medicamente prescrise pot ajuta, de asemenea, la \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea mersului unei persoane prin reducerea rigidit\u0103\u021bii musculare \u0219i cre\u0219terea vitezei de mers. Multe dispozitive de asisten\u021b\u0103, cum ar fi bastoanele, c\u00e2rjele sau bretele, pot fi benefice pentru persoanele cu scleroz\u0103 multipl\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Oricine are probleme cu mersul pe jos ar trebui s\u0103 discute cu profesioni\u0219tii din domeniul s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii despre modalit\u0103\u021bile de a reduce riscul de c\u0103dere. Aceasta ar putea implica: s\u0103 nu poarte tocuri \u00eenalte, s\u0103 evite suprafe\u021bele alunecoase, s\u0103 \u00eendep\u0103rteze obstacolele \u0219i obiectele de care s-ar putea \u00eempiedica din cas\u0103 sau s\u0103 asigure iluminarea zonelor de tranzit, mai ales noaptea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kineto-terapeu\u021bii folosesc \u0219i diverse teste pentru a verifica modul \u00een care scleroza multipl\u0103 afecteaz\u0103 mersul unei persoane \u0219i pentru a adapta tratamentul.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00cen plus, orice persoan\u0103 cu scleroz\u0103 multipl\u0103 care are dificult\u0103\u021bi de mers trebuie s\u0103 apeleze la asisten\u021b\u0103 medical\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2><strong>Ce este Ziua<\/strong><strong> <\/strong><strong>Interna\u021bional\u0103 a Persoanelor cu Dizabilit\u0103\u021bi?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>S\u0103rb\u0103torirea anual\u0103 a Zilei Interna\u021bionale a Persoanelor cu Dizabilit\u0103\u021bi a fost proclamat\u0103 \u00een 1992, printr-o rezolu\u021bie a Adun\u0103rii Generale a Na\u021biunilor Unite. Ea \u00ee\u0219i propune s\u0103 promoveze drepturile \u0219i bun\u0103starea persoanelor cu dizabilit\u0103\u021bi \u00een toate sferele societ\u0103\u021bii \u0219i s\u0103 creasc\u0103 gradul de con\u0219tientizare a situa\u021biei persoanelor cu dizabilit\u0103\u021bi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Mirela Musta\u021b\u0103, Redactor executiv E-asistent<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Surse de documentare:<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol type=\"1\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.un.org\/development\/desa\/disabilities\/international-day-of-persons-with-disabilities-3-december\/2021-2.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">International Day of Persons with Disabilities (IDPD), 3 December 2021 | United Nations Enable<\/a> (inclusive sursa foto)<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/ms-walking?utm_source=Sailthru%20Email&amp;utm_medium=Email&amp;utm_campaign=MNT%20Daily%20News&amp;utm_content=2021-11-18&amp;apid=32792208&amp;rvid=beaf58282096d50d2dec1156befbe9a46ec8516b489641db27394c944714b7f8#ms-walking-difficulties\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/ms-walking<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.healthcaresales.eu\/elearning\/page.php?id=258&amp;lng=ro\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">http:\/\/www.healthcaresales.eu\/elearning\/page.php?id=258&amp;lng=ro<\/a><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ast\u0103zi, popula\u021bia lumii num\u0103r\u0103 peste 7 miliarde de oameni. Dintre ace\u0219tia, aproximativ 15% (1 miliard) tr\u0103iesc cu o form\u0103 de dizabilitate.\u00a0 Persoanele cu dizabilit\u0103\u021bi pot fi afectate de deficien\u021be vizuale (sau de percep\u021bie), afec\u021biuni auditive, deficien\u021be de vorbire articulat\u0103, dizabilit\u0103\u021bi de \u00eenv\u0103\u021bare ori deficien\u021be locomotorii (de mobilitate). Deficien\u021bele locomotorii, de exemplu, pot fi cauzate de [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":7336,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[152,6],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7357"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=7357"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7357\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7358,"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7357\/revisions\/7358"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/7336"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=7357"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=7357"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=7357"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}