{"id":8261,"date":"2023-07-26T09:28:24","date_gmt":"2023-07-26T07:28:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/?p=8261"},"modified":"2023-08-30T13:00:37","modified_gmt":"2023-08-30T11:00:37","slug":"promoting-action-on-research-implementation-in-health-services-parihs-framework-prezentare-generala","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/?p=8261","title":{"rendered":"Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (PARiHS) Framework. Prezentare general\u0103"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Continu\u0103m seria articolelor despre modelele de implementare a practicilor bazate pe dovezi cu prezentarea general\u0103 a <em>Cadrului de Promovare a ac\u021biunii privind implementarea cercet\u0103rii \u00een serviciile de s\u0103n\u0103tate (PARIHS)<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Acest model a fost dezvoltat \u00een a doua parte a anilor 1990, c\u00e2nd, \u00een Regatul Unit, practica bazat\u0103 pe dovezi se afla \u00een deplin\u0103 ascensiune, exist\u00e2nd o preocupare important\u0103 la nivel politic de a reduce decalajele dintre cercetare, practica clinic\u0103 \u0219i rezultatele pacien\u021bilor. Acest lucru a dus la eforturi deosebite \u00een sfera de implementare a dovezilor cercet\u0103rii \u00een practic\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00cen prim\u0103 faz\u0103 a acestui model, procesul de implementare a fost perceput ca un <strong>proces liniar<\/strong> care includea urm\u0103toarele etape principale:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol type=\"I\"><li>Producerea \u0219i sinteza cercet\u0103rii (revizuiri sistematice, ghiduri clinice, etc.)<\/li><li>Diseminarea informa\u021biilor \u0219i instruirea personalului medical \u00een scopul \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birii cuno\u0219tin\u021belor<\/li><li>\u00cen\u021belegerea dovezilor<\/li><li>Efectuarea auditului clinic pentru monitorizarea nivelului de implementare<\/li><li>Feedback cu privire la progresul implement\u0103rii.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00cens\u0103, \u00een practica clinic\u0103, \u021bin\u00e2nd cont de interven\u021biile complexe \u0219i de necesitatea de a \u00eemputernici personalul medical s\u0103 ia decizii clinice adecvate \u0219i adaptate nevoilor pacien\u021bilor, procesul s-a dovedit a fi <strong>complex \u0219i provocator<\/strong>, \u0219i nu ordonat, previzibil sau ra\u021bional.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Modelul se bazeaz\u0103 pe Cadrul conceptual elaborat de Kitson et al, 1998 [1], care a pornit de la ipoteza conform c\u0103reia <strong>implementarea cu succes este o func\u021bie a interac\u021biunii dinamice dintre trei constructe<\/strong> (Dovezi, Context \u0219i Facilitare) <strong>\u00eenso\u021bite de o serie de sub constructe aferente<\/strong> (Figura 1).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/new\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/cercetare.png\"><img width=\"894\" height=\"290\" src=\"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/new\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/cercetare.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8232\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/new\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/cercetare.png 894w, https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/new\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/cercetare-300x97.png 300w, https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/new\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/cercetare-768x249.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 894px) 100vw, 894px\" \/><\/a><figcaption>Fig. 1. Implementarea cu succes a dovezilor cercet\u0103rii \u00een practica clinic\u0103 (adaptat dup\u0103 Kitson et al, 1998)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Prin urmare, noutatea acestui model const\u0103 \u00een sublinierea <strong>importan\u021bei facilit\u0103rii \u00een implementarea dovezilor<\/strong>. Practic, pentru prima dat\u0103, a fost conceput un model care ar putea fi utilizat at\u00e2t \u00een scop evaluativ, c\u00e2t \u0219i \u00een scop diagnostic. Astfel, utilizatorii modelelor de implementare (dezvoltate p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een acel moment) au fost invita\u021bi s\u0103 reflecteze asupra motivelor pentru care proiectele lor de implementare au avut sau nu au avut succes [1].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cadrul ini\u021bial PARIHS a fost \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bit continuu din 2002 p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 2016, c\u00e2nd a fost dezvoltat un <strong>Cadru integrat i-PARIHS<\/strong> care se bazeaz\u0103 pe aceea\u0219i filozofie, \u0219i anume<strong> \u201e<em>implementarea cercet\u0103rii \u00een practica clinic\u0103 este<\/em><\/strong><em> <strong>complex\u0103, imprevizibil\u0103 \u0219i neliniar\u0103\u201d<\/strong>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cu toate acestea, exist\u0103 o serie de diferen\u021be cheie [2] fa\u021b\u0103 de cadrul ini\u021bial PARIHS, astfel:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Constructele \u0219i sub constructele de baz\u0103 au fost revizuite.<\/li><li>Teoriile cheie care stau la baza cadrului au fost actualizate \u00een concordan\u021b\u0103 cu valorile \u0219i convingerile filosofice cu privire la implementarea schimb\u0103rii, centrate pe \u00eenv\u0103\u021bare experien\u021bial\u0103, \u00eemputernicire \u0219i feedback.<\/li><li>Rolurile facilitatorului au fost descrise \u0219i a fost dezvoltat un set de instrumente utile pentru facilitator.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Elementul cheie al Cadrului PARIHS \u00eel reprezint\u0103 <strong>implementarea cu succes<\/strong>, care a fost definit\u0103 ca o func\u021bie a interac\u021biunii dinamice dintre dovezi, context \u0219i facilitare. \u00cen acest context, <strong>facilitarea<\/strong> a fost definit\u0103 ca fiind modul \u00een care procesul de implementare este sus\u021binut, \u021bin\u00e2nd cont de cine realizeaz\u0103 aceast\u0103 sus\u021binere.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00cen Cadrul i-PARIHS, implementarea cu succes rezult\u0103 din <strong>facilitarea unei inova\u021bii pentru utilizatorii \/ destinatarii viza\u021bi, \u00een mediul lor clinic.<\/strong> \u00cen acest context, <strong>implementarea cu succes<\/strong> este definit\u0103 ca fiind \u00eendeplinirea obiectivelor de implementare fixate la \u00eenceputul proiectului, centrat\u0103 pe urm\u0103toarele elemente esen\u021biale [3]:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Adoptarea \u0219i integrarea inova\u021biei \u00een practica clinic\u0103.<\/li><li>Stabilirea clar\u0103 a utilizatorilor \/ destinatarilor viza\u021bi: indivizi, echipe \u0219i p\u0103r\u021bi interesate.<\/li><li>Reducerea la minimum a varia\u021biei contextului pe parcursul implement\u0103rii.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Principalele caracteristici ale Modelului-Cadru integrat de implementare <em>Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (i-PARiHS) Framework<\/em> vor fi abordate \u00een articolul urm\u0103tor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Autori:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol type=\"1\"><li>Mariana Zazu \u2013 Specialist \u00een Dezvoltare Organiza\u021bional\u0103, OAMGMAMR Filiala Bucure\u0219ti; Director adjunct al Centrului Rom\u00e2n de Cercetare \u00een \u00cengrijiri de S\u0103n\u0103tate: Centru de Excelen\u021b\u0103 JBI<\/li><li>Andreea N\u0103stase \u2013 Departamentul Profesional-\u0218tiin\u021bific de Cercetare \u015fi Dezvoltare a profesiei, OAMGMAMR Filiala Bucure\u0219ti<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Surse de documentare:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[1] Kitson A, Harvey G, McCormack B. Enabling the implementation of evidence based practice: a conceptual framework. 1998. Quality in Health Care 7, 149\u2013159.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[2] Harvey G, Kitson A. PARIHS revisited: from heuristic to integrated framework for the successful implementation of knowledge into practice. 2016. Implementation Science 11, 33.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[3] Harvey G, Kitson A. Promoting action on research implementation in health services: the integrated-PARIHS framework. Handbook on Implementation Science. Nilsen P, Birken SA (ed): Edward Elgar Publishing, Cheltenham, UK. 2020 May 29:114-43.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Continu\u0103m seria articolelor despre modelele de implementare a practicilor bazate pe dovezi cu prezentarea general\u0103 a Cadrului de Promovare a ac\u021biunii privind implementarea cercet\u0103rii \u00een serviciile de s\u0103n\u0103tate (PARIHS). Acest model a fost dezvoltat \u00een a doua parte a anilor 1990, c\u00e2nd, \u00een Regatul Unit, practica bazat\u0103 pe dovezi se afla \u00een deplin\u0103 ascensiune, exist\u00e2nd [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":8232,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[152,155],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8261"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=8261"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8261\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8262,"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8261\/revisions\/8262"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/8232"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=8261"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=8261"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=8261"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}