{"id":8785,"date":"2024-07-25T08:56:11","date_gmt":"2024-07-25T06:56:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/?p=8785"},"modified":"2024-09-05T09:23:47","modified_gmt":"2024-09-05T07:23:47","slug":"28-iulie-ziua-mondiala-a-hepatitei","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/?p=8785","title":{"rendered":"28 iulie, Ziua Mondial\u0103 a hepatitei"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2><em>Unele dintre complica\u021bii periculoase ale hepatitei virale pot fi evitate, dac\u0103 ac\u021bion\u0103m din timp<\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3><em>Timp aproximativ de lectur\u0103: 7 minute<\/em><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Hepatita viral\u0103 este o infec\u021bie grav\u0103 care provoac\u0103 leziuni hepatice \u0219i cancer hepatic. Dintre cele cinci tulpini ale virusurilor hepatitei, B \u0219i C sunt cele mai frecvente.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Printre complica\u021biile hepatitei B \u0219i C se num\u0103r\u0103 \u0219i <strong>ciroza post necrotic\u0103<\/strong>. Ciroza este o boal\u0103 hepatic\u0103 cronic\u0103 \u0219i progresiv\u0103 care apare atunci c\u00e2nd \u021besutul cicatricial \u00eenlocuie\u0219te treptat \u021besutul hepatic s\u0103n\u0103tos. Alte cauze includ colangita biliar\u0103 primar\u0103, o boal\u0103 autoimun\u0103 care afecteaz\u0103 ficatul, \u0219i deficitul de alfa-1 antitripsin\u0103. Aceasta este o afec\u021biune genetic\u0103 care cre\u0219te riscul de boli pulmonare \u0219i hepatice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00cen ciroza post necrotic\u0103, ficatul prezint\u0103 noduli, sau zone fibroase de \u021besut, cu o l\u0103\u021bime mai mare de 3 milimetri (mm). Dac\u0103 se acumuleaz\u0103 \u021besut cicatricial, acesta nu poate func\u021biona corespunz\u0103tor. Acest lucru poate duce la simptome precum oboseal\u0103, anemie \u0219i \u00eeng\u0103lbenirea pielii \u0219i a ochilor. De\u0219i nu exist\u0103 vindecare, exist\u0103 modalit\u0103\u021bi de a \u00eencetini evolu\u021bia bolii, iar persoanele diagnosticate cu aceast\u0103 boal\u0103 pot gestiona afec\u021biunea cu medicamente \u0219i modific\u0103ri ale stilului de via\u021b\u0103<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/new\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/hepatita.jpg\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"575\" src=\"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/new\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/hepatita.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8769\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/new\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/hepatita.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/new\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/hepatita-300x168.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/new\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/hepatita-768x431.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Persoana cu ciroz\u0103 ar putea s\u0103 nu prezinte simptome ini\u021bial. Cu toate acestea, pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce boala progreseaz\u0103, <strong>simptomele<\/strong> pot include urm\u0103toarele:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>oboseal\u0103<\/li><li>pierderea apetitului<\/li><li>pierdere neinten\u021bionat\u0103 \u00een greutate<\/li><li>grea\u021b\u0103 sau v\u0103rs\u0103turi<\/li><li>dureri abdominale \u00een partea superioar\u0103 dreapt\u0103<\/li><li>v\u00e2n\u0103t\u0103i care apar u\u0219or<\/li><li>confuzie<\/li><li>edem sau umfl\u0103turi la nivelul gleznelor, picioarelor sau membrelor inferioare<\/li><li>ascita, care este o acumulare de lichid \u00een abdomen<\/li><li>m\u00e2nc\u0103rimi ale pielii<\/li><li>urin\u0103 \u00eenchis\u0103 la culoare sau decolorat\u0103<\/li><li>icter, care implic\u0103 o \u00eeng\u0103lbenire a albului ochilor \u0219i a pielii.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00cen ceea ce prive\u0219te <strong>cauzele cirozei<\/strong>, ele sunt multiple, dar cele mai frecvente sunt:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>boala hepatic\u0103 alcoolic\u0103;<\/li><li>boala hepatic\u0103 non-alcoolic\u0103;<\/li><li>infec\u021bie pe termen lung cu virus hepatic B sau C.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Alte cauze pot include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>hepatita autoimun\u0103;<\/li><li>colangita sclerozant\u0103 primar\u0103, care este o boal\u0103 rar\u0103 ce afecteaz\u0103 \u00een principal c\u0103ile biliare din interiorul \u0219i exteriorul ficatului;<\/li><li>boli genetice ale ficatului, cum ar fi boala Wilson \u0219i hemocromatoza;<\/li><li>utilizarea pe termen lung a steroizilor anabolizan\u021bi, a metotrexatului \u0219i a altor medicamente care pot afecta ficatul;<\/li><li>insuficien\u021b\u0103 cardiac\u0103 cu congestie hepatic\u0103;<\/li><li>utilizarea \u00een exces a paracetamolului (cunoscut \u0219i ca Tylenol).<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2><strong>C\u00e2nd s\u0103 apela\u021bi la un medic<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Solicita\u021bi asisten\u021b\u0103 medical\u0103 dac\u0103 prezenta\u021bi orice simptome ale cirozei. \u00cen plus, dac\u0103 o persoan\u0103 are un istoric familial de boli hepatice, aceasta poate avea un risc mai mare de a dezvolta ciroz\u0103 \u0219i trebuie s\u0103 discute op\u021biunile de screening cu medicul s\u0103u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Este important s\u0103 re\u021bine\u021bi c\u0103 \u0219i alte afec\u021biuni medicale pot provoca simptome de ciroz\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Prin urmare, o persoan\u0103 trebuie s\u0103 consulte un medic pentru a determina cauza de baz\u0103 \u0219i pentru a primi tratamentul adecvat. \u00cen toate cazurile, diagnosticarea \u0219i tratamentul precoce ofer\u0103 cea mai bun\u0103 \u0219ans\u0103 de a minimiza complica\u021biile.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2><strong>Diagnosticul<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Deoarece o persoan\u0103 poate s\u0103 nu aib\u0103 simptome \u00een stadiile incipiente, medicii diagnosticheaz\u0103 adesea ciroza post-necrotic\u0103 atunci c\u00e2nd fac investiga\u021bii pentru o alt\u0103 afec\u021biune sau boal\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Diagnosticul poate implica:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>efectuarea unui examen fizic care verific\u0103 dac\u0103 exist\u0103 umfl\u0103turi \u00een partea superioar\u0103 a abdomenului<\/li><li>interogarea cu privire la istoricul medical personal \u0219i familial<\/li><li>\u00eentreb\u0103ri despre obiceiurile alimentare \u0219i consumul de alcool<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Se pot recomanda, de asemenea, teste de s\u00e2nge pentru verificarea func\u021biei hepatice \u0219i teste imagistice, cum ar fi o ecografie, o tomografie computerizat\u0103 sau o rezonan\u021b\u0103 magnetic\u0103, pentru a c\u0103uta cicatrici sau noduli. \u00cen func\u021bie de aceste constat\u0103ri, se poate efectua o biopsie de \u021besut pentru teste de laborator.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2><strong>Tratamentul<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>De\u0219i nu exist\u0103 tratament pentru ciroza post-necrotic\u0103, exist\u0103 modalit\u0103\u021bi de a \u00eencetini evolu\u021bia acesteia. Acestea includ alegerea unui stil de via\u021b\u0103 adecvat, cum ar fi evitarea consumului de alcool \u0219i o diet\u0103 nutritiv\u0103 \u0219i echilibrat\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>De asemenea, oamenii pot colabora cu medicul lor pentru a trata \u0219i gestiona afec\u021biunile subiacente, cum ar fi hepatita. Medicul lor poate recomanda, de asemenea, vaccinarea \u00eempotriva hepatitei B \u0219i C. \u00cen unele cazuri, medicii pot recomanda un transplant de ficat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00cen ceea ce prive\u0219te <strong>perspectivele <\/strong>pentru persoanele cu ciroz\u0103, acestea depind de stadiul sau severitatea afec\u021biunii la momentul diagnostic\u0103rii. De asemenea, este important s\u0103 re\u021bine\u021bi c\u0103 mul\u021bi factori, cum ar fi v\u00e2rsta, obiceiurile de via\u021b\u0103 \u0219i starea general\u0103 de s\u0103n\u0103tate, pot afecta rezultatul unei persoane.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00cen cazurile \u00een care medicii pun un diagnostic \u00eenainte de apari\u021bia simptomelor, cunoscute \u0219i sub numele de ciroz\u0103 compensat\u0103, ficatul poate \u00eenc\u0103 s\u0103 compenseze leziunile \u0219i s\u0103 func\u021bioneze eficient. Ca urmare, persoana are o \u0219ans\u0103 de 47% de a tr\u0103i cel pu\u021bin \u00eenc\u0103 10 ani. \u00cen schimb, dup\u0103 apari\u021bia simptomelor, perspectiva este mai pu\u021bin optimist\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00cen <strong>concluzie<\/strong>, ciroza postnecrotic\u0103 este o form\u0103 de boal\u0103 hepatic\u0103 care afecteaz\u0103 func\u021bia hepatic\u0103. Aceasta \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 ficatul are noduli cu un diametru mai mare de 3 mm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Diver\u0219ii factori care pot cauza ciroza postnecrotic\u0103 includ infec\u021bia cu virusul hepatitei B \u0219i C \u0219i consumul excesiv de alcool. De\u0219i nu exist\u0103 un remediu, medicii pot recomanda evitarea consumului excesiv de alcool, men\u021binerea unei diete nutritive \u0219i gestionarea st\u0103rii generale de s\u0103n\u0103tate pentru a sus\u021bine func\u021bia hepatic\u0103 pe c\u00e2t posibil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Iat\u0103 de ce tema <strong>Zilei Mondiale a Hepatitei 2024<\/strong> \u2013 <strong><em>E timpul pentru ac\u021biune<\/em><\/strong> \u2013 este cu at\u00e2t mai important\u0103 cu c\u00e2t exist\u0103 dovezi c\u0103 astfel de cuno\u0219tin\u021be despre metodele de protec\u021bie ne pot feri de complica\u021bii at\u00e2t de periculoase ale infec\u021biei cu virusul hepatitei.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Datele Centrului European pentru Controlul Bolilor cele mai recente estimeaz\u0103 prevalen\u021ba infec\u021biei cu hepatita B \u0219i C la aproximativ 1%, \u00een \u021b\u0103rile Uniunii Europene \u0219i ale Spa\u021biului Economic European. \u00cen total, se estimeaz\u0103 c\u0103 mai mult de 10 milioane de europeni pot avea hepatit\u0103 cronic\u0103 B sau hepatit\u0103 C.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00cen ciuda disponibilit\u0103\u021bii unor interven\u021bii eficiente \u0219i accesibile care ar putea preveni noi infec\u021bii \u0219i decese, cum ar fi vaccinarea \u00eempotriva hepatitei B \u0219i educa\u021bia care promoveaz\u0103 un stil de via\u021b\u0103 ce previne \u00eemboln\u0103virea, hepatita viral\u0103 r\u0103m\u00e2ne o cauz\u0103 persistent\u0103 de deces.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>De aceea, de Ziua Mondial\u0103 a Hepatitei, pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 un proces de con\u0219tientizare al popula\u021biei, merit\u0103 g\u00e2ndite interven\u021bii care s\u0103 extind\u0103 accesul la ac\u021biuni simple \u0219i echitabile de prevenire \u0219i control al hepatitei virale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Mirela Musta\u021b\u0103, Redactor executiv E-asistent<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Surse de documentare<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol type=\"1\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/postnecrotic-cirrhosis?utm_source=Sailthru%20Email&amp;utm_medium=Email&amp;utm_campaign=MNT%20Daily%20News&amp;utm_content=2023-05-29&amp;apid=32792208&amp;rvid=beaf58282096d50d2dec1156befbe9a46ec8516b489641db27394c944714b7f8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Post-necrotic cirrhosis: What it is, symptoms, causes, treatment (medicalnewstoday.com)<\/a> \u2013 inclusiv sursa foto<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/westernpacific\/news-room\/events\/detail\/2024\/07\/28\/western-pacific-events\/world-hepatitis-day-2024\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">World Hepatitis Day 2024 (who.int)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/hepatitis-b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Hepatitis B (who.int)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ecdc.europa.eu\/en\/news-events\/high-burden-hepatitis-b-and-c-persists-eueea#:~:text=The%20latest%20estimates%20suggest%20that,HCV%20in%20EU%2FEEA%20countries.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">High burden of Hepatitis B and C persists in the EU\/EEA (europa.eu)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ecdc.europa.eu\/sites\/default\/files\/media\/en\/publications\/Publications\/systematic-review-hepatitis-B-C-prevalence.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Systematic review on hepatitis B and C prevalence in the EU\/EEA (europa.eu)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ecdc.europa.eu\/sites\/default\/files\/documents\/AER%20HEPB%202022_0.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Hepatitis B \u2013 Annual Epidemiological Report 2022 (europa.eu)<\/a><\/li><\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Unele dintre complica\u021bii periculoase ale hepatitei virale pot fi evitate, dac\u0103 ac\u021bion\u0103m din timp Timp aproximativ de lectur\u0103: 7 minute Hepatita viral\u0103 este o infec\u021bie grav\u0103 care provoac\u0103 leziuni hepatice \u0219i cancer hepatic. Dintre cele cinci tulpini ale virusurilor hepatitei, B \u0219i C sunt cele mai frecvente. Printre complica\u021biile hepatitei B \u0219i C se num\u0103r\u0103 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":8769,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[152,6],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8785"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=8785"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8785\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8786,"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8785\/revisions\/8786"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/8769"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=8785"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=8785"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=8785"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}