{"id":9731,"date":"2026-05-22T07:59:41","date_gmt":"2026-05-22T05:59:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/?p=9731"},"modified":"2026-05-22T08:17:51","modified_gmt":"2026-05-22T06:17:51","slug":"ziua-mondiala-a-astmului-despre-impact-si-nevoia-unei-acces-echitabil-la-tratament","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/?p=9731","title":{"rendered":"Ziua Mondial\u0103 a Astmului: despre impact \u0219i nevoia unei acces echitabil la tratament"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Timp aproximativ de lectur\u0103: 9 minute<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Ziua Mondial\u0103 a Astmului este o ini\u021biativ\u0103 anual\u0103 coordonat\u0103 de Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA). Marcat\u0103 \u00een prima zi de mar\u021bi a lunii mai, ea urm\u0103re\u0219te cre\u0219terea gradului de con\u0219tientizare asupra astmului bron\u0219ic, precum \u0219i promovarea unor strategii eficiente de management al acestei patologii. Tema anului 2026 este centrat\u0103 pe accesul universal la terapiile inhalatorii antiinflamatorii (to\u021bi pacien\u021bii cu astm, inclusiv copiii, s\u0103 aib\u0103 acces la inhalatoare cu corticosteroizi pentru a reduce riscul de atacuri) \u0219i subliniaz\u0103 disparit\u0103\u021bile existente \u00een furnizarea serviciilor medicale \u0219i \u00een accesul la tratament. Con\u0219tientizarea despre boal\u0103 \u0219i nout\u0103\u021bile din domeniu face acest moment unul de interes pentru pacien\u021bi sau pentru cei interesa\u021bi de domeniul s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii. Ce a\u021bi putea s\u0103 le spune\u021bi?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ce este astmul bron\u0219ic, ce caracteristici clinice are \u0219i cum arat\u0103 povara bolii?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Afec\u021biune cronic\u0103 inflamatorie a c\u0103ilor respiratorii, astmul bron\u0219ic este caracterizat prin hiperreactivitate bron\u0219ic\u0103 \u0219i obstruc\u021bie variabil\u0103 a fluxului aerian, reversibil\u0103 spontan sau sub tratament. Manifest\u0103rile clinice includ dispnee, wheezing, tuse recurent\u0103 \u0219i senza\u021bie de constric\u021bie toracic\u0103, cu variabilitate \u00een intensitate \u0219i frecven\u021b\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Boala reprezint\u0103 una dintre cele mai frecvente afec\u021biuni cronice \u00een r\u00e2ndul popula\u021biei pediatrice. \u00cen plus, are un impact semnificativ asupra calit\u0103\u021bii vie\u021bii \u0219i asupra sistemelor de s\u0103n\u0103tate. Conform datelor furnizate de Organiza\u021bia Mondial\u0103 a S\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii (OMS), astmul afecteaz\u0103 aproximativ 250\u2013260 de milioane de persoane la nivel global \u0219i este responsabil pentru circa 450 000 de decese anual. Iar majoritatea dintre ele sunt prevenibile prin interven\u021bii terapeutice adecvate. \u00cen Rom\u00e2nia, prevalen\u021ba astmului este estimat\u0103 la aproximativ 4\u20136% din popula\u021bia general\u0103, cu o inciden\u021b\u0103 mai mare \u00een r\u00e2ndul copiilor de v\u00e2rst\u0103 \u0219colar\u0103. Factorii de risc includ expunerea la alergeni, poluarea atmosferic\u0103 \u0219i fumatul, care contribuie la exacerbarea simptomatologiei \u0219i la cre\u0219terea num\u0103rului de spitaliz\u0103ri.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Care sunt factorii care declan\u0219eaz\u0103 boala, ce o poate preveni \u0219i cum poate fi gestionat\u0103 boala pentru a asigura o calitate a vie\u021bii c\u00e2t mai bun\u0103?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Simptomele pot fi declan\u0219ate dealergeni inhalatori (polen, acarieni, praf), poluan\u021bi atmosferici, fumatul activ \u0219i pasiv, precum \u0219i de infec\u021biile respiratorii.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Direct legate de factorii declan\u0219atori, strategiile de preven\u021bie vizeaz\u0103 reducerea expunerii la ace\u0219ti factori, educa\u021bia pacientului \u0219i monitorizarea constant\u0103 a bolii.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Managementul modern al astmului se bazeaz\u0103 pe utilizarea terapiilor inhalatorii, \u00een special a corticosteroizilor inhalatori, care reduc inflama\u021bia c\u0103ilor respiratorii \u0219i previn exacerb\u0103rile. Gestionarea astmului nu vine cu o solu\u021bie universal\u0103. Solu\u021bia include nu doar medica\u021bie, ci \u0219i tratamentul factorilor de risc modificabili \u0219i al comorbidit\u0103\u021bilor, strategii non-farmacologice, educa\u021bie \u0219i formare profesional\u0103, \u00een special \u00een ceea ce prive\u0219te tehnica inhalatoarelor \u0219i aderen\u021ba la tratament. Practic, pentru a gestiona boala, educa\u021bia terapeutic\u0103, aderen\u021ba la tratament \u0219i monitorizarea periodic\u0103 sunt esen\u021biale pentru prevenirea exacerb\u0103rilor \u0219i pentru \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea calit\u0103\u021bii vie\u021bii pacien\u021bilor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

De\u0219i astmul nu poate fi vindecat, controlul adecvat al bolii le permite pacien\u021bilor s\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i desf\u0103\u0219oare activit\u0103\u021bile cotidiene.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tocmai accesul limitat la aceste terapii inhalatorii \u00een anumite regiuni constituie un factor determinant al morbidit\u0103\u021bii \u0219i mortalit\u0103\u021bii asociate bolii. \u00cen acest context, ini\u021biativele interna\u021bionale subliniaz\u0103 necesitatea implement\u0103rii unor politici de s\u0103n\u0103tate care s\u0103 asigure disponibilitatea \u0219i accesibilitatea tratamentului pentru to\u021bi pacien\u021bii.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen concluzie<\/strong>, Ziua Mondial\u0103 a Astmului constituie un prilej important pentru consolidarea eforturilor globale \u00een vederea reducerii poverii acestei boli cronice. Promovarea accesului echitabil la tratament, al\u0103turi de educa\u021bia continu\u0103 a pacien\u021bilor \u0219i a profesioni\u0219tilor din domeniul s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii, reprezint\u0103 elemente fundamentale pentru \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea rezultatelor clinice \u0219i pentru reducerea mortalit\u0103\u021bii asociate astmului.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mirela Musta\u021b\u0103, redactor executiv<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Surse de documentare:<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

  1. Global Initiative for Asthma. (2023). Global strategy for asthma management and prevention<\/em>. https:\/\/ginasthma.org<\/li>
  2. Reddel, H. K., Bacharier, L. B., Bateman, E. D., Brightling, C. E., Brusselle, G. G., Buhl, R., Cruz, A. A., Duijts, L., Drazen, J. M., FitzGerald, J. M., Inoue, H., Ko, F. W. S., Krishnan, J. A., Levy, M. L., Lin, J., Pedersen, S. E., Sheikh, A., Yorgancioglu, A. A., & Boulet, L. P. (2022). Global Initiative for Asthma strategy 2021: Executive summary and rationale for key changes. European Respiratory Journal, 59<\/em>(1), 2102730. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/13993003.02730-2021<\/li>
  3. Zhou, W., & Tang, J. (2025). Prevalence and risk factors of childhood asthma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Pediatrics, 25<\/em>, 50. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12887-025-05409-x<\/li>
  4. Rayner, D. G., Jackson, D. J., & Johnston, S. L. (2025). Inhaled reliever therapies for asthma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA, 333<\/em>(2), 143\u2013152. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2024.12345<\/li>
  5. World Health Organization. (2024). Asthma<\/em>. https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/asthma<\/a><\/li>
  6. Astmul, boala care ucide peste 1000 de oameni pe zi! \u00cen Rom\u00e2nia, 1 din 20 de copii sufer\u0103 de astm. Medicii cer tratament inhalator accesibil pentru to\u021bi – Core Media Hub<\/a><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Timp aproximativ de lectur\u0103: 9 minute Ziua Mondial\u0103 a Astmului este o ini\u021biativ\u0103 anual\u0103 coordonat\u0103 de Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA). Marcat\u0103 \u00een prima zi de mar\u021bi a lunii mai, ea urm\u0103re\u0219te cre\u0219terea gradului de con\u0219tientizare asupra astmului bron\u0219ic, precum \u0219i promovarea unor strategii eficiente de management al acestei patologii. Tema anului 2026 este centrat\u0103 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":9708,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[152,150,6,151],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9731"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9731"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9731\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9736,"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9731\/revisions\/9736"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/9708"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9731"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9731"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.easistent.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9731"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}